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Case Citation
Legal Case Name

COOLIDGE v. NEW HAMPSHIRE Case Brief

Supreme Court of United States1971
403 U.S. 443 91 S.Ct. 2022 29 L.Ed.2d 564

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Case Brief Summary & Legal Analysis

General Brief
3 min read

tl;dr: The Supreme Court suppressed evidence seized from a suspect’s car, holding that a warrant issued by the prosecuting attorney was invalid. The Court also narrowly construed the “automobile” and “plain view” exceptions to the Fourth Amendment’s warrant requirement.

Legal Significance: This case established that a warrant must be issued by a neutral magistrate, not a prosecutor. It also introduced the controversial “inadvertent discovery” requirement for the plain view doctrine and limited the automobile exception to situations with genuine exigency.

COOLIDGE v. NEW HAMPSHIRE Law School Study Guide

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Case Facts & Court Holding

Key Facts & Case Background

Following a murder investigation, police developed probable cause to arrest Edward Coolidge and search his Pontiac automobile. The State Attorney General, who was actively directing the investigation and would later serve as chief prosecutor, acting in his capacity as a justice of the peace, issued the arrest and search warrants. Police arrested Coolidge inside his home and, two hours later, had his car, which was parked in the driveway, towed to the police station. The car was searched two days after being seized, and subsequent searches occurred a year later. Vacuum sweepings from the car, which linked Coolidge to the victim, were introduced at trial. Separately, police obtained guns and clothing from Coolidge’s wife, who voluntarily turned them over at the family home while Coolidge was at the police station. Coolidge was convicted of murder, and he challenged the admission of the evidence from both the car and the home.

Court Holding & Legal Precedent

Issue: May police, acting without a valid warrant or exigent circumstances, seize a suspect’s automobile from his private driveway and search it at a later time, and does the plain view doctrine justify such a seizure when the police had prior knowledge of the vehicle’s location and intended to seize it?

No. The Court held that the seizure and subsequent search of the Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur

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IRAC Legal Analysis

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IRAC (Issue, Rule, Analysis, Conclusion) is the exact format professors want to see in your exam answers. Our exclusive Flash-to-Full briefs combine holding, analysis, and rule statements formatted to match what A+ students produce in exams. These structured briefs help reinforce the essential legal reasoning patterns expected in law school.

Legal Issue

May police, acting without a valid warrant or exigent circumstances, seize a suspect’s automobile from his private driveway and search it at a later time, and does the plain view doctrine justify such a seizure when the police had prior knowledge of the vehicle’s location and intended to seize it?

Conclusion

Coolidge significantly reinforced the warrant requirement by narrowing the scope of the Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut

Legal Rule

A search warrant is invalid unless issued by a neutral and detached Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit es

Legal Analysis

The Court's analysis proceeded in several parts. First, it invalidated the search Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, qu

Flash-to-Full Case Opinions

Flash Summary

  • A search warrant is invalid if issued by a law enforcement
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt m

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