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CYBERSELL, INC. v. CYBERSELL, INC. Case Brief
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Case Brief Summary & Legal Analysis
tl;dr: A Florida company’s passive website, accessible in Arizona, was found insufficient to establish personal jurisdiction there. The court held that merely operating a website accessible everywhere does not, by itself, constitute purposeful availment of a specific forum’s laws.
Legal Significance: Established that a passive website, without more, does not create specific personal jurisdiction. This case helped create the “sliding scale” or “Zippo” test for internet-based jurisdiction, distinguishing passive sites from interactive ones that purposefully target a forum.
CYBERSELL, INC. v. CYBERSELL, INC. Law School Study Guide
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Case Facts & Court Holding
Key Facts & Case Background
Plaintiff Cybersell, Inc. (Cybersell AZ), an Arizona corporation, held a federal service mark for the name “Cybersell.” Defendant Cybersell, Inc. (Cybersell FL), a Florida corporation with its principal place of business in Florida, was formed by Florida residents to offer web page construction services. Cybersell FL created a website to advertise its services, which used the name “CyberSell.” The website was essentially passive; it provided information about the company’s services, listed a local Florida phone number, and included a link for visitors to email the company. The site did not allow for online sales, contracts, or any other commercial transactions. Cybersell AZ discovered the website and filed a trademark infringement suit in the U.S. District Court for the District of Arizona. Cybersell FL had no offices, employees, or bank accounts in Arizona. It had made no sales, entered into no contracts, and earned no income from Arizona residents. Its only contact with Arizona was the general accessibility of its website on the internet and an email it received from Cybersell AZ.
Court Holding & Legal Precedent
Issue: Does a non-resident defendant’s operation of an essentially passive website, which is accessible in the forum state but does not specifically target it, constitute sufficient minimum contacts to support the exercise of specific personal jurisdiction?
No, the exercise of personal jurisdiction is not proper. The defendant’s creation Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in repreh
IRAC Legal Analysis
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Legal Issue
Does a non-resident defendant’s operation of an essentially passive website, which is accessible in the forum state but does not specifically target it, constitute sufficient minimum contacts to support the exercise of specific personal jurisdiction?
Conclusion
This case is a foundational precedent establishing that a passive website, without Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor i
Legal Rule
For a court to exercise specific personal jurisdiction over a non-resident defendant, Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing
Legal Analysis
The court applied the Ninth Circuit's three-part test for specific jurisdiction, focusing Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua
Flash-to-Full Case Opinions
Flash Summary
- The operation of an essentially passive website, without more, is insufficient