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Case Citation
Legal Case Name

FLYNN v. HOLDER Case Brief

United States Court of Appeals, Ninth Circuit2011
684 F.3d 852 Statutory Interpretation Constitutional Law Health Law Administrative Law

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Case Brief Summary & Legal Analysis

General Brief
3 min read

tl;dr: A federal court held that a law banning compensation for “bone marrow” donations does not apply to a modern method that extracts stem cells from blood. The court reasoned that these cells are a component of blood, not bone marrow, thereby avoiding a constitutional challenge.

Legal Significance: This case demonstrates the canon of constitutional avoidance and highlights how technological advancements can create statutory ambiguities. It narrowly interprets a criminal statute by distinguishing a substance’s origin (marrow) from its location at the time of extraction (blood) to permit compensation for a life-saving procedure.

FLYNN v. HOLDER Law School Study Guide

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Case Facts & Court Holding

Key Facts & Case Background

Plaintiffs, including patients needing bone marrow transplants and a nonprofit organization, challenged the National Organ Transplant Act (NOTA). NOTA criminalizes providing “valuable consideration” for human organs and explicitly defines “bone marrow” as an organ. The plaintiff nonprofit, MoreMarrowDonors.org, sought to offer $3,000 incentives in the form of scholarships or housing allowances to increase the pool of donors, particularly for racial minorities who struggle to find matches. Their proposed program focused on a modern donation method, peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) apheresis, which was developed after NOTA’s enactment. This procedure does not extract the soft, fatty tissue from bone cavities via aspiration. Instead, donors receive injections to increase stem cell counts in their bloodstream, and the cells are then filtered from their blood in a process similar to a plasma donation. Plaintiffs argued that applying NOTA’s ban to this method was an unconstitutional violation of equal protection and a misinterpretation of the statute, as the donated material is functionally a component of blood, for which compensation is permitted.

Court Holding & Legal Precedent

Issue: Does the National Organ Transplant Act’s prohibition on compensating donors for “bone marrow” apply to hematopoietic stem cells collected from a donor’s peripheral blood via apheresis?

No. The statutory prohibition on compensation for “bone marrow” does not apply Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehe

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IRAC Legal Analysis

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Legal Issue

Does the National Organ Transplant Act’s prohibition on compensating donors for “bone marrow” apply to hematopoietic stem cells collected from a donor’s peripheral blood via apheresis?

Conclusion

This decision provides a key precedent on statutory interpretation in the face Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nis

Legal Rule

Under the National Organ Transplant Act, 42 U.S.C. § 274e, the term Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris

Legal Analysis

The court employed statutory interpretation to avoid resolving the plaintiffs' constitutional equal Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor inci

Flash-to-Full Case Opinions

Flash Summary

  • The National Organ Transplant Act’s ban on compensating donors is constitutional
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat

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