Case Citation
Legal Case Name

MR. CHOW OF NEW YORK v. STE. JOUR AZUR S.A. Case Brief

United States Court of Appeals, Second Circuit1985
759 F.2d 219

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Case Brief Summary & Legal Analysis

General Brief
4 min read

tl;dr: A restaurant sued a guide publisher for libel over a negative review. The court reversed a jury verdict for the restaurant, holding that the review’s critical statements were protected opinion or rhetorical hyperbole, not actionable statements of fact under the First Amendment.

Legal Significance: This case solidifies the principle that restaurant reviews, even when using harsh or hyperbolic language, are generally protected opinion under the First Amendment. It provides a multi-factor test for distinguishing non-actionable opinion from actionable fact in defamation claims.

MR. CHOW OF NEW YORK v. STE. JOUR AZUR S.A. Law School Study Guide

Use this case brief structure for your own legal analysis. Focus on the IRAC methodology to excel in law school exams and cold calls.

Case Facts & Court Holding

Key Facts & Case Background

Ste. Jour Azur S.A. published a negative review of the restaurant Mr. Chow of New York in its Gault/Millau Guide. The review contained several critical statements, including that it was “impossible” to get seasonings, the sweet and sour pork had “more dough than meat,” the green peppers were “still frozen,” the fried rice was “soaking” in oil, the pancakes were the “thickness of a finger,” and that the Peking Duck was served as one course instead of the traditional three. Mr. Chow, a public figure for defamation purposes, sued for libel. A jury found for the restaurant, awarding compensatory and punitive damages. The district court submitted six specific statements from the review to the jury, instructing them that the statements were, as a matter of law, statements of fact. The defendants appealed, arguing the statements were protected opinion and that there was insufficient evidence of actual malice.

Court Holding & Legal Precedent

Issue: Under the First Amendment, can statements in a restaurant review that use hyperbolic and figurative language to criticize food and service be considered actionable statements of fact for a libel claim, and if so, was the requisite standard of actual malice met?

No. The court vacated the judgment and remanded for dismissal. The court Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proid

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IRAC Legal Analysis

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Legal Issue

Under the First Amendment, can statements in a restaurant review that use hyperbolic and figurative language to criticize food and service be considered actionable statements of fact for a libel claim, and if so, was the requisite standard of actual malice met?

Conclusion

This case provides strong First Amendment protection for critics, particularly in fields Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in vo

Legal Rule

To determine if a statement is a constitutionally protected opinion or an Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut

Legal Analysis

The court established that the distinction between fact and opinion is a Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aut

Flash-to-Full Case Opinions

Flash Summary

  • Statements in a restaurant review are generally protected opinion, as readers
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidata

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