Case Citation
Legal Case Name

O'Brien v. Cunard Steamship Co. Case Brief

Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court1891Docket #63480148
154 Mass. 272 28 N.E. 266 1891 Mass. LEXIS 108

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Case Brief Summary & Legal Analysis

General Brief
3 min read

tl;dr: An immigrant passenger sued a steamship company for assault after being vaccinated by the ship’s surgeon. The court found her actions implied consent to the vaccination, and held the company was not liable for the surgeon’s alleged negligence.

Legal Significance: This case establishes a key principle of consent in tort law: consent can be implied from a person’s overt actions and the surrounding circumstances, regardless of their unexpressed feelings. It is a foundational case for the objective theory of consent.

O'Brien v. Cunard Steamship Co. Law School Study Guide

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Case Facts & Court Holding

Key Facts & Case Background

The plaintiff, Mary O’Brien, was an immigrant passenger on a steamship operated by the defendant, Cunard Steamship Co. Notices were posted on the ship informing passengers that U.S. quarantine regulations required them to be vaccinated against smallpox to avoid detention upon arrival in Boston. The defendant made its ship’s surgeon available to perform vaccinations for free. The plaintiff observed approximately 200 other women passengers line up to be vaccinated. When her turn came, she presented her arm to the surgeon. The surgeon noted she had no vaccination mark and told her he would vaccinate her. The plaintiff stated she had been vaccinated before but had no mark. She did not verbally object or otherwise resist, and held up her arm to receive the injection. After the vaccination, she accepted a certificate from the surgeon, which she later presented at quarantine to avoid detention. The plaintiff subsequently brought an action for assault, alleging the vaccination was performed without her consent, and for negligence.

Court Holding & Legal Precedent

Issue: Can consent to an act that would otherwise constitute a battery be implied from a plaintiff’s overt conduct and the surrounding circumstances, even if the plaintiff harbors unexpressed reservations?

Yes. The court held that the plaintiff consented to the vaccination by Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.

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IRAC Legal Analysis

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IRAC (Issue, Rule, Analysis, Conclusion) is the exact format professors want to see in your exam answers. Our exclusive Flash-to-Full briefs combine holding, analysis, and rule statements formatted to match what A+ students produce in exams. These structured briefs help reinforce the essential legal reasoning patterns expected in law school.

Legal Issue

Can consent to an act that would otherwise constitute a battery be implied from a plaintiff’s overt conduct and the surrounding circumstances, even if the plaintiff harbors unexpressed reservations?

Conclusion

This case is a landmark decision in tort law establishing that consent Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo con

Legal Rule

In an action for battery, a defendant may be justified in their Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor

Legal Analysis

The court's analysis of the assault claim centered on an objective standard Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaeca

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Flash Summary

  • Assault: A person’s overt acts (joining a line, holding up an
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nu

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