A more thorough explanation:

A department of public welfare is a government agency that manages public assistance programs, such as food stamps and housing vouchers. It is responsible for providing support to individuals and families who are in need of financial assistance.

For example, the Department of Public Welfare may provide financial assistance to a family who is struggling to pay for their basic needs, such as food and housing. They may also provide healthcare assistance to individuals who cannot afford medical care.

In some communities, the Department of Public Welfare may be referred to as the Department of Human Services or Department of Social Services.