Legal Definitions - DOJ

DOJ stands for the Department of Justice.

The Department of Justice is a vital executive department of the U.S. federal government, serving as the chief law enforcement body for the United States. Its primary mission is to enforce federal laws, ensure public safety against foreign and domestic threats, provide federal leadership in preventing and controlling crime, and seek just punishment for those guilty of unlawful behavior. It also represents the U.S. government in legal matters and provides legal advice and opinions to the President and other executive departments. Key agencies within the DOJ include the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF), and the U.S. Attorneys' offices across the country.

• Scenario 1: Investigating a Cybercrime Ring
  

  Imagine a sophisticated group of hackers based overseas targets major U.S. financial institutions, stealing millions of dollars. The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), a principal investigative arm of the DOJ, would lead the investigation, working with international partners. Once suspects are identified and evidence gathered, U.S. Attorneys, who are federal prosecutors also part of the DOJ, would bring charges and represent the U.S. government in court to prosecute the criminals under federal law.

• Scenario 2: Challenging a Corporate Merger
  

  When two large corporations in the same industry propose to merge, the DOJ'sAntitrust Division might review the proposed merger to determine if it would create a monopoly or significantly reduce competition, potentially harming consumers. If the DOJ concludes the merger is anti-competitive, it can file a lawsuit in federal court to block the merger, acting on behalf of the American public to ensure fair market practices.

• Scenario 3: Enforcing Civil Rights Protections
  

  Suppose a state government passes a new voting law that appears to disproportionately disenfranchise minority voters. The DOJ'sCivil Rights Division could launch an investigation to determine if the law violates federal voting rights acts. If a violation is found, the DOJ can file a lawsuit against the state, seeking an injunction to prevent the law from being implemented and to protect citizens' constitutional right to vote.