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Simple English definitions for legal terms
life peerage
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A quick definition of life peerage:
A life peerage is when someone is given the title of baron for their lifetime. This is a special honor given by the English government. Before 1958, only men could receive this honor, but now women can too. Being a peer means you are equal in status to other peers, who are members of the British nobility. Peers can sit and vote in the House of Lords, which is an important part of the government.
A more thorough explanation:
A life peerage is a noble title granted to a person for their lifetime. This title is offered through letters patent in English law. The Life Peerages Act of 1958 allowed for the creation of life peerages and removed the disqualifications of women from serving in the House of Lords.
A peer is a person who is of equal status, rank, or character with another. In British nobility, a peer can be a duchess, marquis, earl, viscount, or baroness. The Crown has the power to create any number of peers and of any degree. This power is usually exercised on the advice of the Prime Minister and is commonly used as a reward for political services.
For example, in 1832 and 1911, the Opposition of the House of Lords was overcome by the threat to create enough peers to secure a majority. Peerages can also be conferred for party political reasons. In 1712, 12 peerages were created to save the government, and 16 were created to help pass the Reform Bill in 1832.
The main privilege of a peer is to sit and vote in the House of Lords. All peers, regardless of their rank, are considered equal in the eyes of the law.