Legal Definitions - Master of the Rolls

The Master of the Rolls is a highly distinguished and senior judicial office in the legal system of England and Wales.

Primarily, the Master of the Rolls serves as the President of the Civil Division of the Court of Appeal. This court is the second-highest court in England and Wales, hearing appeals from lower courts in civil (non-criminal) matters. In this capacity, the Master of the Rolls is responsible for the overall leadership and administration of the Civil Division, and often presides over panels of judges hearing significant and complex cases.

Beyond this crucial judicial role, the Master of the Rolls also holds important administrative responsibilities. These include overseeing the preservation and management of certain historical legal records, particularly those from the ancient Court of Chancery. Additionally, the Master of the Rolls plays a key role in the regulation of the legal profession by formally admitting new solicitors (lawyers) to practice in England and Wales.

• Example 1: Presiding over a major appeal

  Imagine a complex legal dispute between a large technology company and a group of consumers regarding data privacy, which has been appealed to the Court of Appeal. The Master of the Rolls would likely lead the panel of judges hearing this appeal, guiding the legal arguments, ensuring fair procedure, and ultimately contributing to the court's judgment. Their leadership helps shape the interpretation of law in significant civil cases.

• Example 2: Overseeing historical legal records

  A historian is conducting research into medieval property rights and needs to consult ancient legal documents from the Court of Chancery. The Master of the Rolls, through their office, holds ultimate responsibility for the safekeeping, preservation, and accessibility of these invaluable historical records. This ensures that the legal heritage of England and Wales is maintained for future generations.

• Example 3: Admitting new solicitors

  After years of study and rigorous training, a new law graduate has successfully qualified to become a solicitor. The formal act of admitting this individual to the roll of solicitors, thereby granting them the right to practice law in England and Wales, is a responsibility of the Master of the Rolls. This role underscores their involvement in maintaining the standards and integrity of the legal profession.