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Simple English definitions for legal terms
personal
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A quick definition of personal:
Personal: This word describes things that are related to a person, like their belongings or injuries. When something is "in personam," it means it involves the personal rights and obligations of the people involved, rather than just property. For example, if someone sues another person for breaking a contract, that's an "action in personam."
A more thorough explanation:
Personal, adjective
- Relating to or affecting a person. For example, a personal injury is an injury that affects a person's body or mind.
- Relating to or belonging to a person. For example, personal belongings are items that belong to a person.
In personam, adjective and adverb
- Relating to the personal rights and obligations of the parties involved in a legal action. For example, an action in personam is a legal action brought against a person rather than property.
- Used to describe a legal action that is brought against a person rather than property. For example, a breach of contract lawsuit is an action in personam.
Examples:
- If someone gets hurt in a car accident, they may suffer a personal injury such as a broken bone or a concussion.
- When someone moves into a new apartment, they bring their personal belongings with them, such as clothes, furniture, and electronics.
- If someone sues another person for not fulfilling a contract, it is an action in personam because it is a legal action brought against a person rather than property.
These examples illustrate how the term personal can be used to describe things that relate to or belong to a person, as well as legal actions that involve the personal rights and obligations of the parties involved.