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Legal Definitions - signum
Definition of signum
In legal contexts, signum (plural: signa) refers to a mark, sign, or indication that carries legal significance. It encompasses two primary meanings:
- A Seal or Mark of Authenticity: This refers to a physical impression or mark placed on a document to authenticate its contents, confirm the identity or agreement of the person who affixed it, or protect the document from unauthorized alteration. It serves as a formal endorsement or a means of securing information.
- Example 1: When a medieval monarch issued a royal charter granting land, they would often press their unique signet ring into a blob of hot wax on the document. This wax impression, the signum, served as official proof that the charter originated from the monarch and was legally binding.
Explanation: Here, the wax seal acts as a definitive mark of authenticity and authority, confirming the document's origin and legal force.
- Example 2: A modern-day notary public, when witnessing a signature on an important legal document like a property deed, will often apply an embossed seal or stamp next to the signature. This signum indicates that the notary has verified the identity of the signer and observed the signing process, lending legal validity to the transaction.
Explanation: The notary's seal is a formal mark that attests to the proper execution of the document and the authenticity of the signature, making it legally recognized.
- Example 1: When a medieval monarch issued a royal charter granting land, they would often press their unique signet ring into a blob of hot wax on the document. This wax impression, the signum, served as official proof that the charter originated from the monarch and was legally binding.
- A Perceptible Indication or Clue: This refers to any observable sign or piece of evidence that can be perceived through the senses and points towards a particular fact, event, or condition.
- Example 1: After a suspected burglary, investigators might discover muddy footprints leading away from a broken window. These footprints are signa, providing a physical clue about the perpetrator's presence and direction of travel.
Explanation: The muddy footprints are a tangible indication, perceived by sight, that suggests a specific event (the burglary) and provides information about it.
- Example 2: During a criminal investigation, a witness might report seeing a distinctive tattoo on the arm of a suspect fleeing the scene. This unique tattoo serves as a signum, a visual identifier that could help law enforcement locate and identify the individual.
Explanation: The distinctive tattoo is a perceptible sign that acts as a crucial piece of identifying evidence, linking a person to an event.
- Example 1: After a suspected burglary, investigators might discover muddy footprints leading away from a broken window. These footprints are signa, providing a physical clue about the perpetrator's presence and direction of travel.
Simple Definition
Signum, in Roman law, refers to a mark or indication. Primarily, it denotes a seal placed on documents to authenticate them, protect their contents, or signify recognition by a party or witness. It can also refer to any perceptible sign or indication of something.