Case Citation
Legal Case Name

Lucas v. South Carolina Coastal Council Case Brief

Supreme Court of the United States1992Docket #76312
120 L. Ed. 2d 798 112 S. Ct. 2886 505 U.S. 1003 1992 U.S. LEXIS 4537 Property Constitutional Law Environmental Law Administrative Law

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Case Brief Summary & Legal Analysis

General Brief
4 min read

tl;dr: A developer was barred from building homes on his beachfront lots by a new state law. The Supreme Court held that a regulation denying all economically beneficial use of land is a “categorical” taking requiring compensation, creating a major new rule in takings jurisprudence.

Legal Significance: The case established a new categorical rule for regulatory takings: a regulation that renders property valueless is a compensable taking unless the prohibited use was already restricted by background principles of state property and nuisance law. This significantly limits the state’s police power.

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Case Facts & Court Holding

Key Facts & Case Background

In 1986, petitioner David Lucas purchased two residential beachfront lots on the Isle of Palms, South Carolina, for $975,000, with the intent to build single-family homes. At the time of purchase, no state or local regulations prohibited this intended use. In 1988, South Carolina enacted the Beachfront Management Act to address coastal erosion. The Act established a construction baseline, landward of which no permanent habitable structures could be erected. Lucas’s properties were situated entirely seaward of this line, effectively barring any construction. Lucas did not challenge the Act’s validity as an exercise of the state’s police power. Instead, he filed suit, claiming the construction ban constituted a taking of his property without just compensation. A state trial court found that the regulation deprived Lucas of all economically viable use of his land, rendering the parcels “valueless.” The Supreme Court of South Carolina reversed, holding that no compensation was required for regulations enacted to prevent “serious public harm.” The U.S. Supreme Court granted certiorari to address the takings claim.

Court Holding & Legal Precedent

Issue: Does a state regulation that deprives a property owner of all economically beneficial or productive use of land constitute a compensable taking under the Fifth Amendment’s Takings Clause, regardless of the public interest advanced in support of the restraint?

Yes. A regulation that renders property valueless is a categorical taking. The Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.

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Legal Issue

Does a state regulation that deprives a property owner of all economically beneficial or productive use of land constitute a compensable taking under the Fifth Amendment’s Takings Clause, regardless of the public interest advanced in support of the restraint?

Conclusion

Lucas created the "total takings" categorical rule, significantly strengthening protections for private Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad min

Legal Rule

A state regulation that denies a landowner all economically beneficial or productive Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupid

Legal Analysis

Writing for the majority, Justice Scalia established a new categorical rule in Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequ

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Flash Summary

  • A regulation that denies a property owner **all economically beneficial or
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nu

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