Case Citation
Legal Case Name

MORRISON v. OLSON Case Brief

Supreme Court of United States1988
487 U.S. 654 108 S.Ct. 2597 101 L.Ed.2d 569 Constitutional Law Administrative Law Federal Courts

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Case Brief Summary & Legal Analysis

General Brief
4 min read

tl;dr: The Supreme Court upheld the Ethics in Government Act, which allowed a special court to appoint an independent counsel to investigate executive branch officials. The Court found the law did not violate the separation of powers or the President’s constitutional authority over appointments and removals.

Legal Significance: This case established a flexible, functionalist approach to separation of powers, holding that Congress can limit the President’s control over executive officers so long as the limitation does not impermissibly interfere with the President’s core constitutional functions.

MORRISON v. OLSON Law School Study Guide

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Case Facts & Court Holding

Key Facts & Case Background

The Ethics in Government Act of 1978 allowed for the appointment of an “independent counsel” to investigate and prosecute high-ranking government officials. Under the Act, upon receiving sufficient information, the Attorney General conducts a preliminary investigation. If the AG finds “reasonable grounds to believe that further investigation or prosecution is warranted,” the AG must apply to a special three-judge court (the Special Division) for the appointment of an independent counsel. The Special Division then appoints the counsel and defines their prosecutorial jurisdiction. The Act grants the counsel full prosecutorial powers but provides that they can be removed by the Attorney General only for “good cause.” Following a congressional investigation, the Attorney General sought the appointment of an independent counsel, Alexia Morrison, to investigate allegations that Theodore Olson, an Assistant Attorney General, had provided false testimony to a House subcommittee. Morrison issued subpoenas, which Olson and others moved to quash, arguing that the independent counsel provisions of the Act were unconstitutional as they violated the Appointments Clause and the principle of separation of powers.

Court Holding & Legal Precedent

Issue: Does the Ethics in Government Act of 1978, by providing for the appointment of an independent counsel by a special court and limiting the Attorney General’s ability to remove that counsel to instances of ‘good cause,’ violate the constitutional principle of separation of powers or the Appointments Clause of Article II?

No, the independent counsel provisions of the Ethics in Government Act are Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit an

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IRAC Legal Analysis

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Legal Issue

Does the Ethics in Government Act of 1978, by providing for the appointment of an independent counsel by a special court and limiting the Attorney General’s ability to remove that counsel to instances of ‘good cause,’ violate the constitutional principle of separation of powers or the Appointments Clause of Article II?

Conclusion

This landmark decision endorsed a flexible, functional approach to separation of powers, Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris

Legal Rule

Congress may vest the power to appoint an "inferior officer," even one Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in repre

Legal Analysis

The Court's analysis proceeded in three main parts. First, addressing the Appointments Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderi

Flash-to-Full Case Opinions

Flash Summary

  • The independent counsel created by the Ethics in Government Act is
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mo

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