Case Citation
Legal Case Name

Taylor v. Kentucky Case Brief

Supreme Court of the United States1978Docket #1177478
56 L. Ed. 2d 468 98 S. Ct. 1930 436 U.S. 478 1978 U.S. LEXIS 95 Criminal Procedure Constitutional Law Evidence

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Case Brief Summary & Legal Analysis

General Brief
3 min read

tl;dr: A defendant was convicted after the trial court refused to instruct the jury on the presumption of innocence. The Supreme Court reversed, holding that under the circumstances of the case, this refusal violated the defendant’s due process right to a fair trial.

Legal Significance: Establishes that the presumption of innocence is a component of Fourteenth Amendment due process. A requested jury instruction on this presumption may be constitutionally required, depending on the totality of circumstances, to ensure the jury’s verdict is based solely on trial evidence.

Taylor v. Kentucky Law School Study Guide

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Case Facts & Court Holding

Key Facts & Case Background

Petitioner Taylor was tried for robbery in a Kentucky state court. The prosecution’s case rested solely on the testimony of the victim, James Maddox. Taylor testified in his own defense, denying any involvement. The trial was thus a direct credibility contest. During his opening and closing arguments, the prosecutor made several statements that invited the jury to draw negative inferences from Taylor’s status as an indicted defendant, linking him to other convicted criminals. The defense requested specific jury instructions stating that the law presumes a defendant innocent and that an indictment is not evidence of guilt. The trial court refused to give either instruction. The court did provide a brief instruction on the Commonwealth’s burden to prove guilt beyond a reasonable doubt, defining it as a “substantial doubt, a real doubt.” The jury found Taylor guilty.

Court Holding & Legal Precedent

Issue: Does a state trial court’s refusal to give a requested jury instruction on the presumption of innocence violate a criminal defendant’s right to a fair trial under the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment?

Yes. The Court held that on the facts of this case, the Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, conse

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Legal Issue

Does a state trial court’s refusal to give a requested jury instruction on the presumption of innocence violate a criminal defendant’s right to a fair trial under the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment?

Conclusion

This case establishes that a requested presumption of innocence instruction can be Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea co

Legal Rule

The presumption of innocence is a basic component of a fair trial, Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit e

Legal Analysis

The Court, in an opinion by Justice Powell, reaffirmed that the presumption Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. Lorem ip

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Flash Summary

  • A trial court’s refusal to give a requested jury instruction on
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat n

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