A more thorough explanation:

Definition: A strong and settled belief or opinion based on a thorough examination of the case.

Example: After researching and studying the issue for years, the scientist had an abiding conviction that climate change was caused by human activity.

This example illustrates that the scientist had a strong and unwavering belief in their conclusion about climate change. Their conviction was not based on a whim or a passing thought, but on a thorough examination of the evidence.