Legal Definitions - apocha

An apocha is a legal term, primarily originating from Roman and civil law traditions, that refers to a formal receipt acknowledging a specific payment. It serves as proof that a particular financial obligation has been met. Crucially, an apocha only confirms the discharge of the obligation represented by that specific payment, not necessarily an entire, larger debt that might involve multiple payments or other conditions.

• Example 1: Monthly Rent Payment

  Imagine a tenant pays their landlord the monthly rent for August. The landlord then provides a signed document stating, "Received $1,200 from [Tenant Name] for August 2024 rent."

  Explanation: This signed document is an apocha. It serves as clear proof that the tenant has fulfilled their specific obligation to pay rent for *that particular month*. It does not imply that the tenant has paid all future rent, nor does it clear any potential past arrears; it solely confirms the August payment.

• Example 2: Installment on a Car Loan

  A car owner makes their scheduled monthly payment of $350 to the bank for their car loan. The bank's online portal immediately updates to show "Payment of $350 received on [Date] for Loan Account #XYZ."

  Explanation: The digital confirmation from the bank acts as an apocha. It acknowledges that the specific loan installment due on that date has been paid. However, it does not mean the entire car loan has been repaid, nor does it cancel future installments; it only confirms the satisfaction of that single, specific payment obligation.

• Example 3: Partial Payment for Professional Services

  A small business hires a marketing agency for a project with a total fee of $8,000, payable in two installments of $4,000 each. After completing the first phase, the agency sends an invoice for $4,000, which the business promptly pays. The agency then issues a receipt marked "Paid - First Installment" for $4,000.

  Explanation: This marked receipt is an apocha. It confirms that the business has satisfied the obligation for the *first installment* of the marketing agency's fee. It does not signify that the entire $8,000 project fee has been paid; the second installment remains an outstanding obligation.