A more thorough explanation:

The Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms, and Broadcasting Organizations is a treaty that sets minimum standards for the rights of performers, producers, and broadcasters. It is also known as the Rome Convention on Related Rights.

For example, if a musician records a song, the producer of the recording and the performer of the song have rights to control how the recording is used and to receive compensation for its use. The Rome Convention sets out the minimum standards for these rights.

The United States is not a signatory to the Rome Convention, but neighboring rights are protected under the TRIPs agreement. Neighboring rights are a part of copyright protection and were not protected under the Paris Convention or the Berne Convention.