Legal Definitions - developing country

A developing country refers to a nation that is in the process of improving its economic and social conditions, but has not yet reached the level of industrialization, technological advancement, and economic stability seen in highly developed nations. These countries often face challenges such as lower per capita income, less developed infrastructure, and a greater reliance on agriculture or raw material exports, and may have less robust political institutions compared to major industrial powers.

• Example 1: International Development Aid

  A global health organization launches a large-scale vaccination campaign in a sub-Saharan African nation where access to healthcare facilities is limited, and the government struggles with funding and logistical challenges to distribute vaccines nationwide. The organization provides medical supplies, training, and infrastructure support.

  This nation is considered a developing country because its healthcare infrastructure and governmental capacity to provide essential services are not yet fully established or robust enough to meet the population's needs without significant external assistance, distinguishing it from more economically advanced nations.

• Example 2: Trade Negotiations

  During discussions at the World Trade Organization, a group of nations advocates for special provisions that would allow them to impose higher tariffs on certain imported goods for a longer period. They argue that these protections are necessary to nurture their nascent domestic manufacturing industries, which are not yet strong enough to compete directly with established industries from highly industrialized economies.

  These nations are acting as developing countries. Their request for special trade considerations reflects their position as economies that are still building their industrial base and require temporary protection to foster growth, rather than being fully competitive global economic powers.

• Example 3: Climate Change Adaptation

  At a United Nations climate summit, a representative from a small island nation in the Pacific Ocean requests financial and technical assistance from wealthier countries to build sea walls and relocate coastal communities. They explain that their country is highly vulnerable to rising sea levels and extreme weather events, but lacks the economic resources and advanced engineering capabilities to implement these large-scale adaptation measures independently.

  This scenario illustrates the challenges faced by a developing country. It highlights the nation's limited economic and technological capacity to address significant environmental threats, requiring support from more advanced economies to protect its population and infrastructure.