Legal Definitions - ex licentia regis

The Latin phrase ex licentia regis translates to "by the king's license" or "by royal permission."

This term refers to any action, privilege, or right that was formally granted or authorized directly by the reigning monarch. Historically, many significant undertakings or special entitlements required explicit approval from the crown, signifying that the authority for such an act originated from the sovereign's will and power.

• Example 1: Establishing a Trading Company

  Imagine a group of merchants in the 17th century wishing to form a powerful trading company with exclusive rights to trade in a specific colonial territory. To gain such a monopoly and the legal standing to operate on a grand scale, they would need a royal charter. This charter would be granted ex licentia regis, meaning the company's existence and its unique privileges were officially sanctioned by the monarch, distinguishing it from ordinary private ventures.

• Example 2: Building a Fortified Castle

  Consider a wealthy nobleman in medieval England who desired to construct a new, heavily fortified castle on his estate. Building such a structure, which could potentially be used for defense or even rebellion against the crown, was not an inherent right of every landowner. The nobleman would typically need to seek and obtain explicit permission from the king. This permission, granted ex licentia regis, would legalize the construction and ensure it was not seen as a challenge to royal authority.

• Example 3: Granting a Town a Market Charter

  Suppose a growing village wanted to establish a regular market or fair, which would attract traders and generate revenue through tolls and fees. The right to hold a market was a valuable privilege, often controlled by the crown. The village, or its lord, would petition the king for a market charter. Once granted ex licentia regis, the town would legally possess the right to operate a market, collect tolls, and benefit from the increased commerce, a right not available to every settlement without royal approval.