Legal Definitions - in camera sitting

An in camera sitting refers to a session of a court, tribunal, or other judicial body that is held privately, away from the public and often the press. The Latin phrase "in camera" literally means "in chambers," indicating that the proceedings take place in a judge's private office or a closed courtroom, rather than in open court.

This type of sitting is typically ordered when there is a need to protect sensitive information, safeguard vulnerable individuals, or discuss matters that, if made public, could compromise the integrity of the proceedings or cause undue harm. While the public is excluded, the parties directly involved in the case and their legal representatives are usually present.

Here are some examples of when an in camera sitting might occur:

• Example 1: Protecting a Minor in a Family Law Case

  In a contentious child custody dispute, the judge might decide to hold an in camera sitting when interviewing the child involved. This allows the child to speak freely and honestly about their preferences and experiences without the pressure or intimidation of their parents or the public being present. The judge can gather crucial information directly from the child in a private, less formal setting, ensuring the child's welfare remains the primary concern while protecting their privacy.

• Example 2: Safeguarding Trade Secrets in a Commercial Dispute

  During a lawsuit between two technology companies concerning alleged intellectual property theft, one company might request an in camera sitting to present evidence related to its proprietary algorithms or manufacturing processes. If these highly confidential trade secrets were disclosed in an open court, competitors could gain an unfair advantage, causing significant financial harm. The private session allows the court to review the sensitive information necessary for the case without making it accessible to the public or rival businesses.

• Example 3: Reviewing Classified Information in a National Security Trial

  In a criminal trial involving espionage or terrorism, prosecutors might need to present evidence derived from classified government intelligence. To prevent the disclosure of national security secrets that could endanger ongoing operations or intelligence sources, the judge may order an in camera sitting for the presentation and discussion of this specific evidence. This ensures that justice can be served while simultaneously protecting vital state secrets from falling into the wrong hands.