A more thorough explanation:

The incentive-to-disclose theory is an economic theory that justifies the granting of patent rights. It is based on the social benefit of having the information enter the public domain. The argument is that without the incentive, technical advancements would remain trade secrets, and the duplication of research efforts would be a waste to society.

For example, a pharmaceutical company may invest millions of dollars in research and development to create a new drug. Without the incentive of patent protection, the company may choose to keep the formula a trade secret to prevent competitors from copying it. However, by granting a patent, the company is incentivized to disclose the formula to the public, allowing other researchers to build upon the knowledge and potentially create new and better drugs.

Another example is in the field of technology. Companies invest in research and development to create new products and technologies. Without the incentive of patent protection, these companies may choose to keep their inventions a trade secret, preventing others from building upon the knowledge. However, by granting a patent, the company is incentivized to disclose the invention to the public, allowing others to build upon the knowledge and potentially create new and better products.

In summary, the incentive-to-disclose theory justifies the granting of patent rights by providing an incentive for inventors to disclose their inventions to the public, allowing for the advancement of knowledge and the creation of new and better products.