Legal Definitions - jural act

A jural act refers to a human action or declaration that is consciously performed with the specific intention of creating, modifying, or extinguishing legal rights, duties, or relationships. It is an act that the law recognizes as having particular legal consequences precisely because of the actor's deliberate intent to produce those effects.

• Example 1: Signing a Lease Agreement

  Imagine a person looking to rent an apartment. When they sign a lease agreement with the landlord, this constitutes a jural act. The act of signing is a deliberate expression of their will and intent to enter into a legally binding contract. This act creates legal obligations for both parties: the tenant is legally bound to pay rent and abide by the lease terms, and the landlord is legally bound to provide the property and maintain it as per the agreement.

• Example 2: Executing a Last Will and Testament

  Consider an individual who formally signs and has witnesses attest to their last will and testament. This is a clear example of a jural act. The individual's intentional action of executing the will is specifically designed to legally dictate how their property and assets will be distributed after their death. This act has profound legal consequences, determining the inheritance rights of beneficiaries and overriding default legal provisions for asset distribution.

• Example 3: Registering a Business Entity

  When entrepreneurs file the necessary paperwork with a government agency to officially register a new corporation or limited liability company (LLC), they are performing a jural act. Their deliberate action of submitting these documents is intended to create a new legal entity separate from themselves. This act establishes the business's legal existence, grants it certain rights (like the ability to enter contracts), and imposes specific legal obligations (such as tax compliance and regulatory adherence).