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Simple English definitions for legal terms

Law of Citations

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A quick definition of Law of Citations:

The Law of Citations is a rule from Roman law that says certain legal writers can be cited as authorities in court. These writers include Papinian, Paul, Gaius, Ulpian, and Modestinus. If most of them agree on an issue, the judge has to follow their view. If they are equally divided and Papinian is silent, the judge can use their own judgment. This law made it easier for judges to use legal literature to make decisions.

A more thorough explanation:

The Law of Citations is a Roman law that was established in A.D. 426 by Emperor Valentinian III. It listed five juristic writers, including Papinian, Paul, Gaius, Ulpian, and Modestinus, whose works could be cited authoritatively in court.

If a majority of these writers agreed on an issue, the judge was bound to follow the majority view. However, if the writers were equally divided and Papinian (whose view prevailed in a tie) was silent on the issue, the judge could use discretion.

The Law of Citations helped to resolve conflicts in juristic literature and provided a source of principle for judges to base their decisions on.

For example, if three of the five listed writers agreed on a legal issue, the judge would be required to follow their view. However, if only two agreed and the other three were divided, the judge could use discretion unless Papinian's view was known and prevailed in a tie.

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THATS SO FUNNY
i cant i would go crazy
JumpySubsequentDolphin
20:50
i need to know who decided to do that.
JumpySubsequentDolphin
20:50
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the devil
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20:50
yo splitterus are you in school already
20:50
it says ur c/o 2027
JumpySubsequentDolphin
20:51
@SplitterusClitterus: HAHAH yes
ur user is hilarioussss and no i just graduated this may and am now applying ---also im out of messages so ill take a lil
20:52
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im back, r u applying this cycle too
JumpySubsequentDolphin
21:32
this child fell asleep on me
JumpySubsequentDolphin
21:32
im so uncomfortable
just push him off the entire seat
JumpySubsequentDolphin
21:34
LMAOOOO
JumpySubsequentDolphin
21:35
no he’s literally like 8 and he fully just put his head on my bicep and slept
JumpySubsequentDolphin
21:35
he has since moved
22:12
@SplitterusClitterus: me yesterday
gulc baby pls text me back... i miss you ...... :(
22:23
i just went into a discord vc and yelled "YALL I JUST GOT INTO J.M. SCHOOL OF LAW"
22:24
people were getting excited :sob:
22:25
then someone was like "what does jm stand for" and i was like .. well
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JumpySubsequentDolphin
22:39
@splitty Oregon!
oh yay for what thats so random
JumpySubsequentDolphin
22:45
haha my brother and sister in law live there
so cutie oregon is beatiful
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