A more thorough explanation:

The least-intrusive-means doctrine is a legal principle that requires the government to use the least intrusive method possible when seeking sensitive information or testimony. This means that the government must exhaust all other options before resorting to more invasive methods.

For example, if the government wants to compel an attorney to testify before a grand jury about matters that may be protected by attorney-client privilege, they must first try to obtain the information through other means, such as interviewing other witnesses or reviewing documents.

The purpose of the least-intrusive-means doctrine is to protect individual rights and privacy while still allowing the government to carry out its duties. By requiring the government to use the least intrusive means possible, the doctrine helps to ensure that individuals are not subjected to unnecessary or excessive government intrusion.