Simple English definitions for legal terms
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A major life activity is something that a person does every day that is important for living. This can include things like taking care of oneself, seeing, hearing, eating, sleeping, walking, standing, lifting, bending, speaking, breathing, learning, reading, concentrating, thinking, communicating, and working. The ADA Amendments Act of 2008 added more things to this list, like bodily functions such as the immune system, digestion, and reproduction. If a person's impairment makes it hard for them to do one of these things, they may have a disability.
The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA) and the ADA Amendments Act of 2008 (ADAAA) define a "major life activity" as an activity that is essential to daily life. This includes activities such as:
The ADAAA also expanded the definition to include "major bodily functions," such as:
To be considered a disability, an impairment must substantially limit a major life activity. This means that the impairment must make it difficult for an individual to perform the activity compared to most people. Even if the condition is episodic or in remission, it can still qualify as a disability if it substantially impairs a major life activity.
Examples of major life activities include:
These examples illustrate how impairments can substantially limit major life activities and qualify as disabilities under the ADA.