Legal Definitions - manu propria

Manu propria is a Latin phrase that translates to "by one's own hand." In legal contexts, it signifies that an action, document, or signature was personally executed by the individual concerned, rather than by an agent, representative, or through delegation. It emphasizes direct personal involvement and authenticity.

• Scenario: A person named Eleanor drafts her last will and testament. To ensure there is no doubt about its authenticity and that it truly reflects her wishes, she personally signs the document in the presence of witnesses. The will includes a clause stating that it was signed manu propria by Eleanor.

  Explanation: This example illustrates manu propria because Eleanor herself, with her own hand, affixed her signature to the will. This direct action confirms that the document is her personal act and expresses her individual intent, rather than being signed by someone else on her behalf, which would raise questions about its validity.

• Scenario: In a historical context, a monarch issues a royal decree concerning new taxation. To lend the decree maximum authority and demonstrate their direct involvement and approval, the monarch personally inscribes their signature and seal onto the official parchment, rather than relying solely on a royal scribe or chancellor to do so.

  Explanation: Here, the monarch's act of personally signing the decree is an instance of manu propria. It signifies that the order originated directly from the monarch's personal authority and was authenticated by their own hand, leaving no ambiguity about who authorized the new law.