Simple English definitions for legal terms
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A negative act is a failure to do something that is legally required, which involves the breach of a legal duty to take positive action. This can take the form of either a forbearance or an omission.
For example, if a lifeguard fails to rescue a drowning person, it is considered a negative act. The lifeguard had a legal duty to take positive action to save the person, but their failure to do so resulted in harm.
Another example is if a landlord fails to repair a dangerous condition in a rental property, such as a broken staircase. The landlord has a legal duty to take positive action to ensure the safety of their tenants, but their failure to do so can result in harm and liability.