Legal Definitions - negotium

In Roman law, "negotium" broadly refers to a matter or affair. More specifically, it can denote a transaction, an agreement, a trade, or a business. It also encompasses a civil or criminal trial.

Negotium is a Latin term from Roman law that broadly refers to a significant undertaking, affair, or business. It encompasses various types of activities, from a specific transaction or agreement to a larger commercial enterprise, or even a legal proceeding. Essentially, it describes any matter requiring attention or involving a formal arrangement.

Here are some examples to illustrate the concept of negotium:

• A Commercial Transaction: Imagine two merchants agreeing on the sale of a shipment of olive oil. They discuss terms, price, and delivery, and eventually finalize the deal.
  • How it illustrates negotium: This agreement represents a negotium because it is a formal transaction or an affair of business between the parties, involving a clear understanding and exchange.
• Managing an Estate: A person is appointed to manage the property and financial affairs of a family member who is traveling abroad for an extended period. This involves paying bills, overseeing investments, and making decisions on their behalf.
  • How it illustrates negotium: This situation involves a negotium as it describes a matter or affair concerning an absent person, requiring careful management and oversight of their interests and assets.
• A Legal Dispute: Two neighbors are involved in a disagreement over the exact boundary line between their properties, which eventually leads to a formal hearing to resolve the issue.
  • How it illustrates negotium: This boundary dispute and subsequent hearing constitute a negotium because it is a legal matter or a trial that requires formal resolution and attention from the legal system.