A more thorough explanation:

Definition: Per modum justitiae is a Latin term that means "by way of justice." It is often used in historical contexts.

During the trial, the judge made sure that the verdict was reached per modum justitiae, meaning that it was based on what was fair and just according to the law.

Definition: Per modum poenae is a Latin term that means "by way of penalty." It is often used in historical contexts.

The criminal was punished per modum poenae, meaning that the penalty was based on the severity of the crime committed.

These examples illustrate how the terms per modum justitiae and per modum poenae were used in historical contexts to describe the way justice and penalties were administered. They show that decisions were made based on what was fair and just according to the law, and that penalties were based on the severity of the crime committed.