Legal Definitions - reading

In legislative and parliamentary procedures, a reading refers to a formal stage in the process of passing a bill or other significant motion. It involves the official presentation or announcement of the proposed legislation to the legislative body, which can range from a full recitation of its text to merely stating its title. These readings are critical procedural steps, typically occurring in a series (commonly three distinct readings), that a bill must complete before it can be put to a final vote for passage into law.

Each reading serves a specific purpose, allowing for scrutiny, debate, and amendment at different points in the legislative journey.

• Example 1: Introducing a New Bill

  Imagine a new bill proposing stricter regulations on plastic waste is introduced in the national parliament. The very first time this bill is formally presented to the entire legislative chamber, often by simply announcing its title and assigning it a number, constitutes its first reading. This initial step officially places the bill on the legislative agenda.

  This illustrates the term because the "first reading" is the initial, formal presentation of a bill to the legislative body, marking its official introduction into the parliamentary process.

• Example 2: Debating Amendments in a State Senate

  Consider a state senate debating a bill to reform public education. After the bill has been reviewed by a committee, it might proceed to a second reading on the floor of the Senate. During this stage, senators typically engage in extensive debate, propose amendments, and vote on those changes. The bill's full text, including any proposed alterations, might be read aloud or made available for review.

  This demonstrates the term as the "second reading" is a distinct, formal stage where the bill is presented for detailed discussion, amendment, and preliminary votes before its final consideration.

• Example 3: Final Vote on a City Ordinance

  A city council is preparing to vote on a new ordinance to adjust local property taxes. Before the final vote is cast, the ordinance undergoes a third reading. At this stage, typically, no further amendments are allowed, and the council members review the final version of the ordinance before casting their definitive "yes" or "no" votes for its passage.

  This exemplifies the term because the "third reading" is the final formal presentation of the bill or ordinance in its complete and amended form, immediately preceding the decisive vote on its enactment.