Legal Definitions - SSI

SSI stands for Supplemental Security Income.

Supplemental Security Income (SSI) is a federal program in the United States that provides monthly financial assistance to adults and children with limited income and resources who are aged (65 or older), blind, or have a disability. Unlike Social Security benefits, which are based on an individual's work history and contributions to the system, SSI is a needs-based program funded by general tax revenues. Its purpose is to provide a basic level of income for those who cannot support themselves due to age, blindness, or disability and who meet strict financial eligibility criteria.

• Example 1: An Elderly Individual with No Work History

  Maria is 72 years old and immigrated to the United States later in life. She never worked in a job that paid into Social Security and has no significant savings or other income sources. Due to her advanced age and lack of financial resources, Maria applies for and receives SSI benefits. This illustrates SSI providing a safety net for an aged individual who does not qualify for traditional Social Security retirement benefits but has a demonstrated financial need.

• Example 2: A Young Adult with a Severe Disability

  David is 28 years old and was born with a severe intellectual disability that prevents him from working. He lives with his parents, but their household income is very low, and David himself has no assets. Because David meets the Social Security Administration's definition of disability and has extremely limited income and resources, he is eligible for SSI payments. This demonstrates SSI supporting a disabled individual who has never been able to work and accumulate a work history for other Social Security programs.

• Example 3: A Child with a Chronic Illness

  Sarah is 8 years old and suffers from a chronic, debilitating illness that requires extensive medical care and significantly limits her daily activities. Her parents work low-wage jobs, and their combined income and assets fall below the strict limits set by the SSI program. Sarah's family applies for SSI on her behalf. The program provides monthly payments to help with her basic needs, recognizing that children with severe disabilities from low-income families also require financial support. This highlights SSI's role in assisting disabled children in financially struggling households.