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Simple English definitions for legal terms
well-pleaded complaint
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A quick definition of well-pleaded complaint:
A well-pleaded complaint is the first thing someone files when they want to start a lawsuit. It tells the court why they have the right to hear the case, what the person is asking for, and why they think they should get it. It's important that the complaint is written well so that the other side can understand what they are being accused of and can respond to it. In some cases, the complaint can only be about a federal law, or else the court won't be able to hear the case.A more thorough explanation:
A well-pleaded complaint is the initial legal document that starts a civil action. It outlines the basis for the court's jurisdiction, the plaintiff's claim, and the demand for relief. In some states, this document is called a petition.
For example, if someone sues their landlord for not fixing a leaky roof, the well-pleaded complaint would state that the court has jurisdiction over the case, that the landlord breached their duty to maintain the property, and that the plaintiff is seeking damages for the resulting harm.
A well-pleaded complaint must be specific enough to allow the defendant to draft an answer that addresses the issues presented. In federal court, it must also raise a controlling issue of federal law to establish federal-question jurisdiction over the lawsuit.
Overall, a well-pleaded complaint is a crucial document that sets the stage for a civil action and outlines the plaintiff's case.