Legal Definitions - written warranty

A written warranty is a formal, legally binding promise or guarantee, provided in a tangible format (such as a paper document or a digital file), from a seller or manufacturer to a buyer. This promise typically concerns the quality, condition, performance, or durability of a product or service. It outlines the specific terms and conditions under which the warrantor will repair, replace, or refund the item if it fails to meet the stated standards within a specified period.

Here are some examples illustrating a written warranty:

• Example 1: New Home Appliance

  When you purchase a new refrigerator, it often comes with a small booklet or a card titled "Manufacturer's Limited Warranty." This document states that the manufacturer guarantees the appliance against defects in materials and workmanship for a period, perhaps one year from the date of purchase. It specifies that if the refrigerator stops cooling due to a manufacturing fault within that year, the company will repair or replace it free of charge. This is a written warranty because the manufacturer's promise to address specific defects for a defined period is clearly documented and provided to the buyer.

• Example 2: Professional Service Contract

  Imagine you hire a landscaping company to design and install a new garden, including planting trees and shrubs. Their contract includes a clause stating, "All newly planted trees and shrubs are guaranteed to survive for 90 days from the date of installation. If any plant dies within this period due to reasons other than neglect by the homeowner, we will replace it at no additional cost." This is a written warranty because the landscaping company's commitment to replace failed plants under specific conditions and within a set timeframe is formally documented within the signed service agreement.

• Example 3: Certified Pre-Owned Vehicle

  When buying a certified pre-owned car from a dealership, the sales agreement might include a separate document titled "Certified Pre-Owned Vehicle Warranty." This document typically outlines that the dealership will cover major powertrain components (like the engine and transmission) for a certain duration, perhaps 6 months or 6,000 miles, whichever comes first. It details what parts are covered, what actions the dealership will take (e.g., repair), and any exclusions. This constitutes a written warranty as the dealership's specific guarantee regarding the vehicle's reliability and their commitment to repairs for a defined period and mileage are clearly documented in the sales paperwork.