Case Citation
Legal Case Name

O'NEAL v. Wilkes Case Brief

Supreme Court of Georgia1994Docket #681073
439 S.E.2d 490 263 Ga. 850 94 Fulton County D. Rep. 489 1994 Ga. LEXIS 68 Family Law Trusts & Estates Contracts Remedies

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Case Brief Summary & Legal Analysis

General Brief
3 min read

tl;dr: A woman raised by a man who died intestate sought to inherit from his estate under the doctrine of virtual adoption. The court denied her claim, finding the adoption agreement invalid because her aunt, who arranged it, lacked legal authority over her.

Legal Significance: This case establishes that for a virtual adoption to be legally recognized for inheritance purposes, the underlying agreement must be made by a person with legal authority (a parent or court-appointed guardian) to dispose of the child’s custody.

O'NEAL v. Wilkes Law School Study Guide

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Case Facts & Court Holding

Key Facts & Case Background

Hattie O’Neal was born out of wedlock and her mother died when she was eight years old. Her biological father never legitimized her or provided support. After her mother’s death, O’Neal was passed between relatives, eventually ending up in the temporary physical custody of her paternal aunt, Estelle Page. Page, who had no court-ordered guardianship or legal custody, heard that Roswell Cook and his wife wanted a child and arranged for them to take O’Neal. The Cooks raised O’Neal from age 12 until her marriage, treating her as their daughter and her children as their grandchildren. However, they never formally adopted her. When Roswell Cook died intestate, the administrator of his estate, Firmón Wilkes, refused to recognize O’Neal as an heir. O’Neal filed a petition in equity, seeking a declaration of virtual adoption that would grant her the inheritance rights of a legally adopted child. No evidence was presented that any relative had ever obtained legal guardianship or custody of O’Neal after her mother’s death.

Court Holding & Legal Precedent

Issue: For the purpose of establishing inheritance rights through virtual adoption, is an adoption agreement valid when made by a relative who has only temporary physical custody of a child but lacks legal authority as a parent or guardian?

No. The court held that the paternal aunt lacked the legal authority Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irur

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Legal Issue

For the purpose of establishing inheritance rights through virtual adoption, is an adoption agreement valid when made by a relative who has only temporary physical custody of a child but lacks legal authority as a parent or guardian?

Conclusion

This decision reinforces the strict contractual basis for virtual adoption in Georgia, Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exer

Legal Rule

The first essential of a contract for adoption is that it be Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatu

Legal Analysis

The court's analysis centered on the strict contractual requirements for establishing a Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa

Flash-to-Full Case Opinions

Flash Summary

  • A valid contract for virtual adoption requires the person giving up
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, s

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