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Simple English definitions for legal terms

adoption

Read a random definition: court papers

A quick definition of adoption:

Adoption is when a grown-up becomes the legal parent of a child. This means they have all the rights and responsibilities of a parent. The child becomes the legal heir of the adoptive parent and any legal rights with the birth parents end. There are two types of adoption: open and closed. In an open adoption, the birth mother chooses the adoptive parents and may have visitation rights. In a closed adoption, the birth mother gives up all rights and the state chooses the adoptive parents. To adopt, a person must be found suitable by a court and meet certain requirements set by the state. The best interests of the child are always considered.

A more thorough explanation:

Adoption is when an adult becomes the legal guardian of a child and takes on the rights and responsibilities of a parent. This creates a legal relationship between the child and the guardian, and the child becomes the legal heir of the guardian. Adoption terminates any legal rights that the child's natural parents had.

There are two types of adoptions: open and closed. In an open adoption, the birth mother selects the adoptive parents and may maintain visitation and contact rights. In a closed adoption, the birth mother relinquishes all rights over the child, and a state administrative agency conducts the selection process.

Parents looking to adopt can choose to adopt through an agency or through independent contact with the biological parents. Public and private agencies exist to facilitate adoptions, and states run public agencies. The suitability of parents looking to adopt is determined through a stringent test, and the court must make an official finding that the individual is "acceptably suitable" to become an adoptive parent.

An individual wishing to adopt must petition the court and present evidence that they have satisfied the necessary statutory elements. The state adoption agency presents its report of the petitioners to the court and makes a recommendation. The petitioner bears the burden of proving that adoption is in the child's best interests.

Examples of federal material related to adoption include the Indian Child Welfare Act, the Adoption Assistance and Child Welfare Act of 1980, and the Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment and Adoption Reform Act. State material includes state adoption laws and judicial decisions.

Overall, adoption is a legal process that creates a new parent-child relationship and terminates any legal rights of the child's natural parents.

adopted child | Adoption Taxpayer Identification Number (ATIN)

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