A more thorough explanation:

Definition: An alcalde is a judicial officer in Spanish law. The term comes from the Arabic word "al-qadi," which means "the Cadi" or "the judge." The alcalde's functions are similar to those of a justice of the peace. In modern times, an alcalde is also the mayor of a Spanish or Spanish-American town, usually with a judicial element.

• In the 18th century, the alcalde was responsible for maintaining law and order in Spanish colonies.
• The alcalde of a small town in Mexico presides over the town council and hears minor legal cases.
• When the alcalde of a Spanish-American town is also a judge, they have the power to issue warrants and make arrests.

These examples illustrate how the term "alcalde" has evolved over time. In the past, an alcalde was primarily a judicial officer responsible for enforcing the law. Today, an alcalde is more commonly known as the mayor of a town, but they may still have some judicial responsibilities.