A more thorough explanation:

ECONOMETRICS

Econometrics is a branch of economics that uses mathematical equations and statistical methods to test and verify economic theories.

One example of econometrics is using statistical analysis to determine the relationship between a country's GDP and its unemployment rate. Another example is using mathematical models to predict how changes in interest rates will affect consumer spending.

For instance, if econometric analysis shows that there is a negative correlation between a country's GDP and its unemployment rate, it means that as the GDP increases, the unemployment rate decreases. This information can be used by policymakers to make decisions about economic policies that can help reduce unemployment.

Similarly, if a mathematical model predicts that a decrease in interest rates will lead to an increase in consumer spending, policymakers can use this information to make decisions about monetary policy.