Legal Definitions - formata

Formata refers to official letters or documents issued under the authority of ecclesiastical law, which is the body of laws and regulations governing a Christian church. These documents serve various administrative, disciplinary, or ceremonial purposes within the church structure.

• Example 1: Imagine a situation where a priest is transferring from one diocese (a geographical area administered by a bishop) to another. The bishop of the priest's original diocese would issue a formal letter to the bishop of the new diocese, confirming the priest's good standing, qualifications, and suitability for ministry.

  Explanation: This official letter serves as a formata because it is an authoritative document issued by a church leader (the bishop) under ecclesiastical law, facilitating an administrative process within the church hierarchy.

• Example 2: Consider a religious order that wishes to establish a new monastery in a different country. Before they can proceed, they must obtain official approval from the central governing body of their church, such as the Holy See for Catholic orders.

  Explanation: The formal decree or letter issued by the Holy See granting permission and outlining the conditions for the establishment of the new monastery would be considered a formata. It is an authoritative document from the highest church authority, issued under canonical law, to authorize a significant ecclesiastical undertaking.

• Example 3: Suppose a local community within a church tradition believes a particular individual should be recognized as a saint, or they wish to officially bless a new shrine dedicated to a revered figure. After a thorough investigation and adherence to specific church procedures, the local bishop issues a formal declaration.

  Explanation: This official declaration, which authorizes the veneration or blessing according to church law, functions as a formata. It is a formal document from a church authority, acting under ecclesiastical law, to sanction a religious practice or recognition within the diocese.