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Simple English definitions for legal terms
good faith exception to exclusionary rule
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A quick definition of good faith exception to exclusionary rule:
The good faith exception to the exclusionary rule is a legal rule that allows evidence obtained through an unlawful search and seizure to be used in court if the police officers had a reasonable belief that they were acting within the law. For example, if the police relied on a search warrant that was later found to be invalid, but they believed it was valid at the time, the evidence obtained can still be used in court. This exception also applies if the police relied on binding appellate precedent or a statute that was later invalidated. The good faith exception is meant to prevent punishing police officers who acted in good faith and relied on what they believed to be legal authority.
A more thorough explanation:
The Good Faith Exception to the Fourth Amendment exclusionary rule allows for the use of evidence obtained through an unlawful search and seizure if the officers had a reasonable belief that they were acting within legal authority. This exception applies when officers rely on a search warrant that is later found to be legally defective or when they conduct a search in reliance on binding appellate precedent or a statute that is later invalidated.
- Arizona v. Evans: Officers relied on a search warrant that turned out to be invalid. However, since they acted in good faith, the illegally seized evidence was admissible under the Good Faith Exception.
- Davis v. U.S.: The Supreme Court ruled that the exclusionary rule does not apply when the police conduct a search in reliance on binding appellate precedent allowing the search.
- Illinois v. Krull: Evidence may be admissible if the officers rely on a statute that is later invalidated.
- Herring v. U.S.: The Court concluded that the Good Faith Exception applied when police employees erred in maintaining records in a warrant database.
These examples illustrate how the Good Faith Exception allows for the use of evidence obtained through an unlawful search and seizure if the officers acted in good faith and had a reasonable belief that they were acting within legal authority. This exception balances the need for law enforcement to carry out their duties with the protection of individual rights under the Fourth Amendment.