Simple English definitions for legal terms
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Term: in praesentia dominorum
Definition: In the presence of the lords. This phrase was used in history to show that the presiding judge signed a document in front of the other judges, so they didn't have to sign it too. It's abbreviated as IPD.
in praesentia dominorum
When this Latin phrase is added to a judge's signature, it means that the other judges don't have to sign the document because they were present when the presiding judge signed it.
These examples show how the phrase is used to indicate that the other judges were present when the presiding judge signed the document. It's a way to save time and effort by not requiring all the judges to sign.