Legal Definitions - judgment file

A judgment file (often referred to as a judgment docket in many legal systems) is an official, public record maintained by a court clerk. It serves as a centralized summary of all formal judgments, orders, or decrees issued by that particular court. This record typically includes essential details such as the names of the parties involved in a case, the date the judgment was entered, the nature of the judgment (e.g., monetary award, divorce decree, injunction), and any subsequent actions related to the judgment, such as its satisfaction or enforcement. It provides a formal, accessible history of the legal outcomes of cases.

• Example 1: Monetary Award in a Personal Injury Case

  Imagine a situation where a pedestrian sues a negligent driver after a car accident and the court awards the pedestrian $50,000 for medical expenses and pain and suffering. This court decision, known as a judgment, would be formally recorded in the court's judgment file. The entry would specify the pedestrian as the judgment creditor, the driver as the judgment debtor, the date the judgment was entered, and the exact monetary amount awarded. This public record allows the pedestrian to legally pursue collection of the funds and provides official notice of the driver's financial obligation.

• Example 2: Final Decree in a Divorce Proceeding

  Consider a couple who has finalized their divorce. The court issues a comprehensive decree that legally dissolves their marriage, outlines child custody arrangements, establishes a visitation schedule, and divides their marital assets. Even though this judgment might not involve a direct monetary award (beyond perhaps ongoing child or spousal support), the entire decree, which is the court's final decision on the matter, would be summarized and entered into the judgment file. This entry officially records the legal end of the marriage and the binding terms set by the court.

• Example 3: Court-Approved Settlement in a Business Dispute

  Suppose two companies are engaged in a complex lawsuit over a breach of contract. Instead of proceeding to a full trial, they reach a settlement agreement that they present to the court for approval. Once the court reviews and formally approves this settlement, it becomes a legally binding "consent judgment." This consent judgment, reflecting the agreed-upon resolution and the court's endorsement, would then be recorded in the judgment file. The entry would note the parties, the date of approval, and reference the terms of the settlement, making the resolution a formal and enforceable court order.