Legal Definitions - Resolution of Congress

A Resolution of Congress, also known as a Simple Resolution, is a formal statement issued by either the House of Representatives or the Senate individually. These resolutions serve two main purposes: to manage the internal operations and administrative rules of that specific chamber, or to formally express the chamber's opinions, sentiments, or factual acknowledgments on matters that do not require new legislation.

Unlike bills that become law, a Resolution of Congress is not sent to the President for signature and therefore does not carry the force of law for the general public. They are identified by abbreviations such as "H.Res." for resolutions originating in the House of Representatives, or "S.Res." for those from the Senate, followed by an identification number.

Here are some examples of how a Resolution of Congress might be used:

• Establishing a Special Committee: Imagine the Senate decides it needs to create a temporary special committee to investigate the ethical implications of rapidly advancing artificial intelligence. The Senate would pass an S.Res. to establish this committee, define its scope, and allocate its resources.

  This example illustrates a Resolution of Congress because it is an action taken solely by the Senate to manage its own internal administrative business—creating a new body within its structure. It does not create new laws for citizens, nor does it require the President's approval to take effect.

• Honoring a Significant Anniversary: The House of Representatives might pass an H.Res. to formally recognize and commend the 50th anniversary of a landmark scientific discovery or a major humanitarian achievement.

  This demonstrates a Resolution of Congress as it is a statement from a single chamber expressing an opinion or acknowledging a fact. It serves as a formal recognition or commendation, but it does not enact new legislation or require the President's signature to be valid.