Legal Definitions - senatus decreta

Senatus decreta refers to the formal decisions or resolutions made by the Roman Senate in ancient Rome. While the Senate did not always possess direct legislative power in the same way as the popular assemblies, its decrees held significant moral authority and practical influence, often guiding magistrates, advising on public policy, and shaping the administration of the Roman state.

• Example 1: Public Works and Infrastructure
  Imagine a scenario where a major Roman road connecting two important cities falls into disrepair, hindering trade and military movements. The Roman Senate might issue a senatus decreta authorizing the allocation of funds and resources for the immediate reconstruction and maintenance of this vital artery. This decision would formally direct the relevant officials to undertake the project, demonstrating the Senate's power to initiate and oversee significant public works.

• Example 2: Religious Observances and Public Morality
  Following a series of unusual omens or natural disasters, the Roman Senate could pass a senatus decreta mandating a specific series of public prayers, sacrifices, or religious festivals to appease the gods. This decree would outline the required rituals and their timing, influencing the religious life and public morality of the Roman populace. It illustrates how the Senate's decisions could extend to matters of state religion and civic piety.

• Example 3: Provincial Administration and Military Strategy
  Consider a situation where a Roman province is experiencing unrest or facing an external threat. The Senate might issue a senatus decreta advising the consuls or the provincial governor on the deployment of additional legions, the appointment of a new military commander, or the implementation of specific administrative policies to restore order. This highlights the Senate's crucial role in guiding Rome's military strategy and the governance of its vast territories through its formal resolutions.