Legal Definitions - State

A State refers to a self-governing political entity that occupies a defined geographical territory. It possesses ultimate authority, known as sovereignty, within its borders, meaning it has the independent power to govern itself without external control. A State establishes and enforces a comprehensive system of laws and rules for all individuals and organizations within its territory, typically through a constitution, statutes, and regulations.

• Example 1: The Nation of Japan

  Japan is a clear example of a State in the international sense. It has a distinct and recognized territory consisting of islands, a defined population, and a sovereign government that creates and enforces its own laws, manages its economy, and conducts foreign policy independently. No other country dictates how Japan governs itself internally, demonstrating its full sovereignty and authority over its territory and people.

• Example 2: The Australian State of Queensland

  Within the federal Commonwealth of Australia, Queensland is considered a State. It has its own defined geographical area, a resident population, and a state government with the authority to enact and enforce specific laws within its borders, such as those related to local infrastructure, education, and health services. While it operates under the overarching federal laws of Australia, Queensland maintains significant self-governing powers and a distinct legal system for its territory, illustrating how a "state" can also be a powerful, self-governing division within a larger nation.