Legal Definitions - Viz.

Viz. is an abbreviation of the Latin word videlicet, which translates to "namely," "that is to say," or "as follows." It is used in formal writing to introduce a list of items or a more detailed explanation that clarifies or elaborates on a preceding general statement. Essentially, it signals that specific examples or components of a broader idea are about to be presented.

Here are a few examples illustrating its use:

• Example 1 (Legal/Contractual Context):

  A commercial lease agreement might state: "The lessee is responsible for all interior maintenance and repairs, viz., plumbing fixtures, electrical outlets, and non-structural walls."

  Explanation: In this scenario, "viz." clarifies the general term "interior maintenance and repairs" by specifying the exact components for which the lessee is responsible, leaving no ambiguity about the scope of their duties.

• Example 2 (Business Policy Context):

  A company's employee handbook could include: "All employees must complete mandatory annual training modules, viz.: data privacy compliance, workplace harassment prevention, and cybersecurity awareness."

  Explanation: Here, "viz." introduces the specific training modules that fall under the umbrella of "mandatory annual training," providing precise details about the required courses.

• Example 3 (Formal Report/Academic Context):

  A government report on infrastructure improvements might state: "The proposed urban development project will focus on enhancing public transportation options, viz., expanding bus routes, upgrading subway lines, and introducing new bike-sharing programs."

  Explanation: In this instance, "viz." is used to enumerate the specific initiatives that constitute "enhancing public transportation options," giving concrete examples of the project's scope.